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UKAEA-STEP-PR(24)182024
This paper presents a comprehensive overview of the preliminary divertor design and plasma exhaust scenario for the reactor-class Spherical Tokamak for Energy Production (STEP) project. Due to the smaller size of the machine, with a major radius less than half that of most DEMO concepts, the current design features a double-null divertor geometr…
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UKAEA-CCFE-PR(24)032024
To design a safe termination scenario for a burning ITER plasma is a challenge that requires extensive core plasma and divertor modelling. The presented work consists of coupled core/edge/SOL/divertor simulations, performed with the JINTRAC code, studying the Q=10 flat-top phase and exit phase of the ITER 15MA/5.3T DT scenario. The modelling uti…
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UKAEA-CCFE-PR(25)2682023
In the initial stages of ITER operation, ELM mitigation systems need to be commissioned. This requires controlled flat-top operation in type-I ELMy H-mode regimes. Hydrogen or helium plasma discharges are used exclusively in these stages to ensure no production of neutrons from fusion reactions. With the expected higher L-H power threshold of hy…
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UKAEA-CCFE-PR(25)2642023
Advances in edge and scrape-off layer diagnostics have shown that often the ion temperature is higher than the electron temperature in scrape-off layer filaments. We have therefore extended the STORM model beyond the cold ion limit commonly used, to include hot ion effects. We find that filaments are both faster and more coherent than in a cold …
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UKAEA-CCFE-PR(24)2622023
STORM is a plasma turbulence code capable of simulating 3d turbulence across the full scrape-off layer of a tokamak fusion reactor, using a drift reduced, collisional fluid model. STORM uses mostly finite difference schemes, with a staggered grid in the direction parallel to the magnetic field. We describe the model, geometry and initialisation opt…
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UKAEA-CCFE-PR(23)1552023
Shear flows in turbulent fluids have been known to act as transport barriers for some time. An example of a shear flow generating mechanism is the E×B shear in plasma, which has a substantial impact on the dynamics of magnetic confinement fusion devices. The influence of this may be seen in the scrape-off layer (SOL) where blobs or filaments may b…
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UKAEA-CCFE-PR(23)1452023
In this manuscript we present the recently developed flexible framework for building both fluid and electron kinetic models of the tokamak Scrape-Off Layer in 1D - ReMKiT1D (Reactive Multi-fluid and Kinetic Transport in 1D). The framework can handle systems of non-linear ODEs, various 1D PDEs arising in fluid modelling, as well as PDEs arising from…
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UKAEA-CCFE-PR(22)442022
Tokamak edge (scrape-off layer) plasmas can exhibit non-local transport in the direction parallel to the magnetic field due to steep temperature gradients.This effect along with its consequences has been explored at equilibrium fora range of conditions, from sheath-limited to detached, using the 1D kinetic electron code SOL-KiT, where the electrons…
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UKAEA-CCFE-PR(22)502022
Fusion power plant designs based on magnetic confinement, such as the tokamak design, offer a promising route to sustainable fusion power but require robust exhaust solutions capable of tolerating intense heat and particle fluxes from the plasma to material surfaces. Turbulent plasma transport in the divertor volume – the region where the plasma-…
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UKAEA-CCFE-PR(22)362022
There exists a large body of previous work using reduced two-dimensional models of the SOL, which model fluctuations in the drift-plane but approximate parallel transport with effective loss terms. Full size three-dimensional simulations of SOL turbulence in experimental geometries are now possible, but are far more computationally expensive than …
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