Small and shear punch testing are promising techniques that can be applied as virtually non-destructive tools to monitor in-service components and maximise the amount of information that can be obtained from limited in situ material; several mechanical properties can be determined at critical locations of a component with no need for repair welds. Using flat (shear) and hemispherical-shaped (small) punches to push into thin disc-shaped specimens, mechanical properties can be measured. In engineering design, conventional uniaxial test data are used and thus investigations into how small scale test data compare to traditional, standardised, test data are required. In this work, small and shear punch testing have been carried out in order to evaluate mechanical properties of precipitation hardened steel 17-4PH. Tensile properties, i.e. yield and ultimate tensile strengths, for this material have previously been determined from hardness data and correlations were made between these data and information obtained from the punch tests. For the shear punch test data, a method using a 0.2% offset criterion in conjunction with normalised shear-punch curves was used to measure the shear yield strength; linear correlations between shear data and tensile data was established for yield and ultimate strengths.