The time evolution of edge localized modes ( ELMs ) in the Joint European Torus tokamak [ P. H. Rebut and et al. , Nucl. Fusion 25 , 1011 ( 1985 )] is investigated using the JETTO predictive modeling code [ M. Erba and et al. , Plasma Phys. Controlled Fusion 39 , 261 ( 1997 )] . It is found that both pressure-driven ballooning and current-driven pe…