Novel high temperature tritium breeder designs for confined spaces in spherical tokamaks fusion reactors

Novel high temperature tritium breeder designs for confined spaces in spherical tokamaks fusion reactors

Novel high temperature tritium breeder designs for confined spaces in spherical tokamaks fusion reactors 150 150 UKAEA Opendata
UKAEA-STEP-PR(23)15

Novel high temperature tritium breeder designs for confined spaces in spherical tokamaks fusion reactors

Tritium self-sufficiency is one of the fundamental challenges for deuterium-tritium nuclear fusion reactors. The combination of key high temperature radiation shielding materials that possess dense, high neutron absorption cross-section, and moderation properties, and tritium breeding materials could involve interesting design spaces for the central column challenge in spherical tokamaks. Potential tungsten alloys can be used for two functions: radiation shielding and structural material, providing a new design space window for spherical tokamak central column breeding space. In this paper we present two novel high temperature concepts for the inboard side of the breeder blanket in a confined space. A tungsten-rhenium-hafnium-carbide lithium-based design was found to offer the best TBR given a parameter optimisation based on shielding and thermal requirements. A silicon-carbide lead-lithium breeder design was also investigated. The highest TBR was found to be 0.135 in a 3D neutronics calculation with a W-24.5Re-2HfC (structural and shielding, wt%), Li (90% Li-6 enriched breeder), and W2B5 (shielding) option.

Collection:
Journals
Journal:
Nuclear Fusion
Publisher:
IOP (Institute of Physics)