Testing Advanced Divertor Concepts for Fusion Power Plants Using a Small High Heat Flux Facility

Testing Advanced Divertor Concepts for Fusion Power Plants Using a Small High Heat Flux Facility

Testing Advanced Divertor Concepts for Fusion Power Plants Using a Small High Heat Flux Facility 150 150 UKAEA Opendata
UKAEA-CCFE-PR(23)183

Testing Advanced Divertor Concepts for Fusion Power Plants Using a Small High Heat Flux Facility

The development of improved designs for components which will be subject to high heat fluxes has been identified as a critical challenge for the realisation of commercial fusion power. This paper presents details of a facility which allows early verification of thermofluid and thermomechananical performance of prototype components and enables comparison between concepts and manufacturing methods. This provides a validation step between in silico design and analysis and high-cost particle beam testing which is the usual qualification method for fusion high heat flux components. As part of AMAZE, an European FP7 project aiming to grow confidence in additive manufacturing, prototype divertor structural and armour elements were manufactured in copper and tungsten respectively using both conventional machining and a range of AM techniques. In order to assess the comparative performance of these conventional and AM prototypes, a small high heat flux facility has been designed and built at the Culham Centre for Fusion Energy in Oxfordshire. This facility, HIVE (Heating by Induction to Verify Extremes), consists of a SI{45}{kilowatt} high frequency induction heating system, SI{200}{celsius}, SI{20}{bar} closed-loop water cooling, a SI{500}{millim} diameter vacuum vessel, and bespoke control and instrumentation system. Water flow, temperature, and pressure transducers provide calorimetry and thermofluid performance measurement, while embedded thermocouples and thermal imagery allow comparisons with finite element thermal models and between samples. The design and key features of this facility and the results of testing carried out under AMAZE are presented, highlighting both the promise of AM as a manufacturing technique for fusion high heat flux components and the value of these low-cost, short-timescale tests in initial down-selection and preliminary validation of concepts. In addition, future plans for HIVE are presented, including other test campaigns post-AMAZE and associated diagnostic and operational upgrades.

Collection:
Journals
Journal:
Journal of Testing and Evaluation (ASTM International)
Publisher:
ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials)