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1996
Crystal and synthetic multilayer diffractors, deployed either as flat Bragg reflectors, or curved, as in the Johann configuration, are used to study the spectrum of COMPASS-D and other tokamaks in the wavelength region of 1–100 A. In this article, we concentrate on the measurement of absolute photon fluxes and the derivation of volume emissivitie…
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1996
Fast charge-coupled device (CCD) detector arrays placed at the output of visible spectrometers are used for multichord Doppler shift analyses on the COMPASS-D and START tokamaks. Unequal magnification in the horizontal and vertical axes allows for optimal matching of throughput and spectral resolution at the CCD detector. This involves cylindrical …
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1994
A multianode photomultiplier (8X8 anodes of 2.5X2.5 mm2) is used to detect a collection of spectra in a high dispersion echelle spectrometer. A cylindrical lens is placed at the output slit to increase the dispersion at the photomultiplier. The cross talk between adjacent spectra is non-negligible (although
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