Active Cells: The robotic radioactive waste processing facility at the European Spallation Source
The European Spallation Source Active Cells Facility is a unique facility for processing highly radioactive waste produced by the experiment. Due to the levels of radiation produced by the waste components combined with the scale of operations, the facility was designed to be operated without windows, using robotic manipulation systems and cameras for visual feedback. This article presents the challenges faced in delivering the processes required for size reduction and packing of the waste components along with the resulting design of the facility including key equipment and infrastructure developed to support the facility. Key subsystems are described in detail along with the considerations for maintenance and upgrades and the overall approach to safety. Finally, lessons learned and useful experiences are shared in the hope of informing the successful delivery of other similar facilities in the future.