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1992
Neural networks provide a new tool for the fast solution of repetitive nonlinear curve fitting problems. In this article we introduce the concept of a neural network, and we show how such networks can be used for fitting functional forms to experimental data. The neural network algorithm is typically much faster than conventional iterative approach…
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1992
A compact seven channel interferometer has been designed and built to measure electron density profiles in the COMPASS (compact assembly) tokamak. Two far-infrared (FIR) laser cavities are optically pumped with a single continuous-wave CO2 laser, generating two similar beams, with a small, tunable difference frequency (0.5-1.0 MHz). The COMPASS fac…
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1992
Laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) is a well established technique used to determine the neutral hydrogen density in fusion plasmas.There is a requirement to extend these measurements to the Divertor section of large plasma devices, but this is problematical due to the high levels of stray laser light and background plasma emission. Here we describe …
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1992
This spectrometer was designed to give access to a wide range of Bragg angles and crystal focal lengths while using the Rowland circle radius as a free parameter. Stability is achieved using a rigid beam or “Rowland chord,” which provides a reference axis for all the critical alignments, the chord length being variable between about 0.2 and 5 m…
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1992
The superior etendu available from a Fabry-Perot spectrometer is also accessible when used in reflective mode in producing a narrow bandwidth rejection, or “notch,” filter. We consider the instrumental defects and the practical effects involved in realizing a useful device. A simple figure of merit is obtained which allows the Fabry-Perot chara…
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1992
09The thin beam model of an axis-encircling relativistic electron beam in a uniform, constant, external magnetic field in a cylindrical waveguide is used to develop a unified theory of the various interactions of such a beam with the electromagnetic field. The model includes the gyrotron interaction (longitudinal displacement of the beam) and the p…
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1992
This Brief Communication investigates the influence of toroidal effects (due to the coupling of various poloidal harmonics) on the nonlinear saturation of the m = 1 island. Bounds are obtained relating the aspect ratio, the shear at the q= 1 surface, and the saturated island width. Provided these bounds are satisfied, it is then found that the cyli…
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1992
Intense superthermal ion cyclotron emission (ICE) has been observed from tokamak plasmas. The power spectrum displays narrow peaks at multiple harmonics of the background ion cyclotron frequency [Cottrell and Dendy, Phys. Rev. Lett. 60, 33 (1988)] in Ohmic deuterium plasmas, and the radiation appears to be driven by the fusion ion population in the…
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1991
The gyrokinetic theory of ion cyclotron resonance is extended to include propagation at arbitrary angles to a straight equilibrium magnetic field with a linear perpendicular gradient in strength. The case of the compressional Alfvén wave propagating in a D(3He) plasma is analyzed in detail. A self-consistent local dispersion relation is obtained u…
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1991
In a cylindrical plasma, tearing modes can be calculated by asymptotic matching of ideal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) solutions across a critical layer. This requires a quantity that represents the “discontinuity*’ in the ideal solution across the layer. In a torus, poloidal harmonics are coupled and there are many critical surfaces for each toroi…
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