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2003
As part of the European Power Plant Conceptual Study, two different divertor designs were proposed, based on previous work on HETS (High Efficiency Thermal Shield) performed at FZK and ENEA. The coolant is helium gas at pressures in the range 10-14 MPa and the inlet temperatures are in the range of 500-800 o C. The geometrical complexity of the des…
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2003
Studies of type 1 ELMy H-mode pedestals are carried out using 0 D and 1.5 D approaches. In the 0 D study, predicted pedestal temperatures are compared with 533 data points. The pedestal temperature models, with pedestal width based on magnetic and flow shear stabilization and neutral penetration, yield an RMSE of 32% and 53.4%, respectively, when c…
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2002
In previous publications [A. K. Ram and S. D. Schultz, Phys. Plasmas 7 , 4084 (2000) ; A. Bers, A. K. Ram, and S. D. Schultz, in Proceedings of the Second Europhysics Topical Conference on RF Heating and Current Drive of Fusion Devices , edited by J. Jacquinot, G. Van Oost, and R. R. Weynants (European Physical Society, Petit-Lancy, 1998), Vol. 22A…
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2002
Experiments designed for generating internal transport barriers in the plasmas of the Joint European Torus [JET, P. H. Rebut et al. , Proceedings of the 10th International Conference, Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion, London ~ International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, (1985), Vol. I, p. 11 ] reveal cascades of Alfven perturbations wit…
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2001
The mega-ampere spherical tokamak (MAST) experiment is a new, large, low aspect ratio device operating its first experimental physics campaign. Designed to study a wide variety of plasma shapes with up to 2 MA of plasma current with an aspect ratio down to 1.3, the poloidal field (PF) coils used for plasma formation, equilibrium and shaping are ins…
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1999
There is increasing evidence that the Earth’s magnetosphere, like other macroscopic confined plasma systems (magnetic fusion plasmas, astrophysical accretion discs), displays sandpile-type phenomenology so that energy dissipation is by means of avalanches which do not have an intrinsic scale. This may in turn imply that these systems evolve via s…
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1997
A multifrequency pulse radar reflectometer (PRR) has been designed, commissioned, and is operating successfully on the small tight aspect ratio tokamak (START). The data obtained with this technique allow the study of the density profile evolution during the shot, revealing aspects of the plasma behavior during such events as the internal reconnect…
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1997
The world’s first high-power auxiliary heating experiments in a tight aspect ratio (or spherical) tokamak have been performed on the Small Tight Aspect Ratio Tokomak (START) device [Sykes et al. , Nucl. Fusion 32 , 694 (1992)] at Culham Laboratory, using the 40 keV, 0.5 MW Neutral Beam Injector loaned by the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Injecti…
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1997
Electron cyclotron (EC) waves can perform a variety of roles in ITER including start-up assist, heating to ignition, on and off-axis current drive and instability control. EC wave absorption is robust and well understood producing highly localised heating with total absorption anticipated for almost all parameters foreseen in ITER. Other advantages…
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1996
Crystal and synthetic multilayer diffractors, deployed either as flat Bragg reflectors, or curved, as in the Johann configuration, are used to study the spectrum of COMPASS-D and other tokamaks in the wavelength region of 1–100 A. In this article, we concentrate on the measurement of absolute photon fluxes and the derivation of volume emissivitie…
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