R. Nazikian G. J. Kramer C. Z. Cheng N. N. Gorelenkov
The original description of alpha particle driven instabilities in the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor in terms of toroidal Alfven eigenmodes (TAEs) remained inconsistent with three fundamental characteristics of the observations: (i) the variation of the mode frequency with toroidal mode number, (ii) the chirping of the mode frequency for a given toro…
PublishedG. Marbach J. Jacquinot N. Taylor
The existing regulatory framework in France provides a full and coherent licensing basis to permit ITER to be build and operated at Cadarache. The specific sitting studies including the submission of the first step of licensing documentation for ITER offers an early assessment of fusion power plants. The regulatory procedure begins with the release…
PublishedPanos J Karditsas Neil P Taylor
As part of the European Power Plant Conceptual Study, two different divertor designs were proposed, based on previous work on HETS (High Efficiency Thermal Shield) performed at FZK and ENEA. The coolant is helium gas at pressures in the range 10-14 MPa and the inlet temperatures are in the range of 500-800 o C. The geometrical complexity of the des…
PublishedValeria T. G. Riccardo Philip L. Andrew Alan Sandford Kaye Peter Noll
In view of the modification to the Joint European Torus (JET) plasma facing components foreseen for the 2004 shutdown, the disruption design criteria for invessel components have been updated building on the operational experience with divertor plasmas gained since the early 1990s. In fast disruptions the largest contribution to the electromechanic…
PublishedR. J. Akers J. W. Ahn L. C. Appel E. R. Arends K. B. Axon et al.
Spontaneous transitions from the low ‘‘L-mode’’ to high ‘‘H-mode’’ of tokamak plasma confinement, first observed during neutral beam heating experiments on ASDEX, are now routinely achieved in many tokamak experiments. The H-mode regime is attractive as it offers the possibility of enhanced confinement, and thus a route towards a mo…
PublishedF. P. Orsitto D. Del Bugaro M. Difino A. Maiolo M. Montecchi et al.
The general requirements for a plasma facing mirror (PFM) of a Thomson scattering system (TS) for a burning plasma experiment are (i) high and approximately constant reflectivity in the wavelength spectral range 400–800 nm; (ii) low sputtering yield and low erosion; (iii) high power damage threshold; (iv) good thermo-mechanical properties to pres…
PublishedChristian Girard Jean-Philippe Gaillard Gabriel Marbach Gilio Cambi Ian Cook Lise-Lotte Johansson Rainer Meyder Julian Mustoe Tonio Pinna
The Safety and Environmental Assessment of Fusion Power (SEAFP) was performed in the framework of the European fusion program, whose results have already been published. The European Commission decided to continue this program for some identified issues that required development. One of these issues was the analysis and specification of the contain…
PublishedR. J. La Haye R. J. Buttery S. Guenter G. T. A. Huysmans M. Maraschek et al.
The islands from tearing modes driven unstable and sustained by the helically perturbed neoclassical bootstrap current often provide the practical limit to long-pulse, high confinement tokamak operation. The destabilization of such ‘‘metastable’’ plasmas depends on a ‘‘seed’’ island exceeding a threshold. A database from similar reg…
PublishedParag Vyas Denis Mustafa A. William Morris
Theoretical and experimental work on the vertical position control system on the COMPASS-D tokamak is described. An analog proportional 1 derivative (P 1 D) system is currently used, and two important sources of disturbance are observed in the system. One source is 600-Hz noise from thyristor power supplies, and the other is impulselike disturbance…
PublishedO. Sauter R. J. La Haye Z. Chang D. A. Gates Y. Kamada et al.
The maximum normalized beta achieved in long-pulse tokamak discharges at low collisionality falls significantly below both that observed in short pulse discharges and that predicted by the ideal MHD theory. Recent long-pulse experiments, in particular those simulating the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) [M. Rosenbluth et al.…
Published