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UKAEA-CCFE-PR(26)4202026
The contributions in magnetic fusion theory presented at the 30th IAEA Fusion Energy Conference (FEC 2025) are summarized. This summary provides information on novel ideas and briefly reviews the most recent advances along the main avenues of the research, such as plasma integrated modelling, computational physics and application of arti…
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UKAEA-CCFE-PR(26)4252025
A new low energy ion source was developed. ExTEnD (Exposure to Low Energy Deuterium) uses an electrical discharge to create a plasma from which ions can be extracted via a biased sample stage – offering a simple and accessible setup to perform low energy ion exposure for hydrogen retention studies. Careful selection of operating conditions allowe…
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UKAEA-CCFE-PR(26)4232025
The MAST Upgrade Super-X divertor protects plasma-facing components from heat fluxes during steady-state operation and transient events. This paper examines heat loads from sawtooth events with energies of ΔWsawtooth ≈ 2–9 kJ in lower single null plasmas. The impact of deuterium and nitrogen gas pressures on mitigating these transients is inve…
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UKAEA-CCFE-PR(26)4222025
Dedicated experiments were conducted on Alfvénic instabilities in the ion sub-cyclotron frequency range excited by energetic beam ions in the MAST-Upgrade tokamak. Losses of the beam ions associated with plasma instabilities were measured with a scintillator-type fast ion lost detector (FILD), which provided a 2D image of the losses as functions o…
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UKAEA-CCFE-PR(26)022025
Due to the extreme operating temperatures in nuclear fusion reactors, current materials exhibit a substantial mismatch in mechanical and thermal properties between the tungsten plasma-facing material and the CuCrZr heat sink cooling system. Therefore, a thermal barrier interlayer is required to guarantee continuous operation. In this work, (CrVW…
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UKAEA-CCFE-PR(25)3992025
We develop an atomic cluster expansion (ACE) interatomic potential for lithium that accurately models both the solid and liquid phase and the corresponding melting point. The training data is obtained from 0 K density functional theory (DFT) and finite temperature ab initio molecular dynami…
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UKAEA-CCFE-PR(25)3862025
In high performance regimes short (sub ms) bursts of heat and particles from the core (edge localised modes, ELMs) happen cyclically increasing temporarily the heat flux by 2-3 orders of magnitude, and this can hardly be tolerated by large tokamaks. If ELMs happen when the target is detached the plasma temporarily reattaches and looses energy in th…
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UKAEA-CCFE-PR(25)3822025
The plasma energy and particle flows in double-null configurations during MAST L-mode discharges are investigated using the 3D plasma turbulence code STORM. The modelling reproduces key phenomena, such as in-out and up-down heat load asymmetries, despite not having a sophisticated neutral model. Turbulent energy transport, driven by ballooning-like…
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UKAEA-CCFE-PR(25)3792025
A robust disruption mitigation system (DMS) requires accurate characterization of key disruption timescales, one of the most notable being the thermal quench (TQ). Recent modeling of shattered pellet injection (SPI) into ITER plasmas, using JOREK and INDEX, suggests long TQ durations (6–10 ms) and slow cold front propagation due to the large p…
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UKAEA-CCFE-PR(25)3752025
The National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory in the United States, and the Mega Ampere Spherical Tokamak (MAST) at the United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority in the United Kingdom, and their respective upgrades (NSTX-U and MAST-U) are two mega-amp class spherical tokamak fusion devices that have operated…
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