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2001
The surfatron offers the possibility of particle acceleration to arbitrarily high energies, given a sufficiently large system. Surfatron acceleration of electrons by waves excited by ions reflected from supernova remnant (SNR) shocks is investigated using particle simulations. It is shown that surfatron and stochastic acceleration could provide a s…
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2001
In conventional neoclassical theory, the density and temperature gradients are not allowed to be as steep as frequently observed in the tokamak edge. In this paper the theory of neoclassical transport in a collisional, impure plasma is extended to allow for steeper profiles than normally assumed. The dynamics of highly charged impurity ions then be…
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2001
High confinement [with H 1 , ITERH- 98 y, 2 ] at b N 2.3 has been found in ASDEX Upgrade discharges with existing m, n 3, 2 neoclassical tearing modes (NTMs). The reason for the high confinement at high b N values is a transition of the NTMs into the so-called frequently interrupted regime. In this regime, the NTM growth is frequently interrupted b…
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2001
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2001
The resistive wall mode ~ RWM ! poses a threat to many plasma confinement devices. The continuous rotation of the wall relative to the plasma makes it appear perfectly conducting, because of the skin effect, but this is ineffective if the perturbation locks to the wall. This raises the question of whether a nonuniformly rotating wall is more effect…
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2001
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2001
It was recently pointed out that the inductive electric field in a tokamak can give rise to toroidal and poloidal plasma rotation comparable to that sometimes observed in experiments. Here it is shown that the flow velocity of heavy impurity ions, which is normally what is measured, is lower than that of the bulk plasma for rotation produced in thi…
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2001
The linear and nonlinear dynamics of zonal flows and their interactions with drift wave turbulence is considered in the simple but illuminating generalized Charney–Hasegawa–Mima model due to Smolyakov et al. [Phys. Plasmas 7 , 1349 (2000)]. Two positive definite, exact, integral invariants associated with the full generalized Charney–Hasegawa…
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2001
Neutral atoms can significantly influence the physics of tokamak edge plasmas, e.g., by affecting the radial electric field and plasma flow there, which may, in turn, be important for plasma confinement. Earlier work [Fulop et al. , Phys. Plasmas 5 , 3969 (1998)], assuming short mean-free path neutrals and Pfirsch–Schluter ions, has shown that th…
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2001
Relativistic electrons emit synchrotron radiation due to their gyro- and guiding-center motions in a curved magnetic field. In this article, the kinetic theory of relativistic electron beams is developed to account for radiation reaction by including the Abraham–Lorentz reaction force in the kinetic equation. As an application of this theory, the…
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