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2012
Frank-Read sources are among the most important examples of dislocation sources in crystals, and their operation facilitates dislocation multiplication and hence yield and plastic flow. Iron is known to become highly elastically-anisotropic as the alpha - gamma transition at 912 degrees centigrage is approached, a temperature regime of critical imp…
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2012
The distortion of the plasma boundary when three-dimensional resonant magnetic perturbations are applied has been measured in MAST H-mode plasmas. When the n = 3 resonant magnetic perturbations are applied to control edge localised modes, the plasma experiences a strong toroidal corrugation. The displacement of the plasma boundary is measured at va…
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2012
The VUV/XUV spectral region is particularly rich in lines emitted by plasmas with temperatures = 30 keV used in fusion research. Examples are presented of analyses of JET tokamak data involving C VUV/XUV radiation. In the first, the C IV divertor emission is modelled, with agreement between theory and experiment to within the measurement accuracy o…
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2012
The application of resonant magnetic perturbations with toroidal mode number n = 4 or n = 6 is observed to result in a significant increase in ELM frequency, despite a reduction in the edge pressure gradient. A picture for how type-I ELMs are mitigated, or destabilised, when magnetic perturbations are applied is proposed. Despite the magnetic pertu…
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2011
Major developments on MAST have enabled important advances in support of ITER and the physics basis of a spherical tokamak (ST) based component test facility (CTF), as well as providing new insight into underlying tokamak physics. For example, L-H transition studies benefit from high spatial and temporal resolution measurements of pedestal profile …
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2011
The CYCLE consortium has been designing the ITER ICRF antenna since March 2010, supported by an F4E grant. Following a brief introduction to the consortium, this paper: describes the present status and layout of the design; highlights the key mechanical engineering features; shows the expected impact of cooling and radiation issues on the design an…
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2011
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2011
A minimal model for magnetic reconnection and, generally, low-frequency dynamics in low-beta plasmas is proposed. The model combines analytical and computational simplicity with physical realizability: it is a rigorous limit of gyrokinetics for plasma beta of order the electron-ion mass ratio. The model contains collisions and can be used both in t…
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2011
Recent experiments show the impact of Resonant Magnetic Perturbations on the density [O Schmitz et al Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 50 124029 (2008); T E Evans et al Nucl. Fusion 48 024002 (2008); A Kirk et al Nucl. Fusion 50 024002 (2008); Y Liang et al Phys. Rev. Lett. 98 265004 (2007)], leading to a so-called density pump-out. Previous comparison…
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2011
The overall phenomenology of plasmas emerges from multiple couplings between processes on many different lengthscales and timescales, creating innumerable feedback loops. For example, overall energy confinement – the central emergent property for fusion – is governed by a selfconsistent loop involving: temperature, density, and current profiles…
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