Z. Ghani A. Turner S. Mangham J. Naish M. Lis L. Packer M. Loughlin
Extensive neutronics and 3-D activation simulations were carried out to assess the levels of radiation throughout the ITER tokamak complex. The simulated radiation sources included DT fusion neutrons exiting the cryostat and gamma rays arising from the activation of cooling water, activated pipe chases and cask transfers. Resultant biological dos…
Preprint PublishedM. R. Gilbert Z. Ghani J. E. McMillan L. W. Packer
Efficient and reliable detection of radiological or nuclear threats is a crucial part of national and international efforts to prevent terrorist activities. Radiation Portal Monitors (RPMs), which are deployed worldwide, are intended to interdict smuggled fissile material by detecting emissions of neutrons and gamma rays. However, considering the r…
Preprint PurchaseJ. Shimwell S. Lilley L. Morgan L. Packer M. Kovari S. Zheng J. McMillan
Beryllium (Be) is a precious resource with many high value uses, the low energy threshold (n,2n) reaction makes Be an excellent neutron multiplier for use in fusion breeder blankets. Estimates of Be requirements and available resources suggest that this could represent a major supply difficulty for solid-type blanket concepts. Reducing the quantity…
Preprint PublishedM. R. Gilbert S. Zheng R. Kemp L. W. Packer S. L. Dudarev J.-Ch. Sublet
A key goal for fusion materials modelling research is the development of predictive simulation models and capabilities to assess material performance under the neutron irradiation conditions expected in near-plasma regions of fusion reactor tokamaks. This paper presents computational results from the modelling of neutron fields in the latest concep…
PublishedM.R. Gilbert L.W. Packer J.-Ch. Sublet R.A. Forrest
The simulation of neutron irradiation–induced transmutation using inventory codes is an important part of the research into materials in various nuclear environments, including fusion, fission, medical physics, nuclear security, and astrophysics. These simulations, even in their simplest form, such as the neutron irradiation of a single pure elem…
PublishedL.W.G. Morgan L.W. Packer
The generation of tritium in sufficient quantities is an absolute requirement for a next step fusion device such as DEMO due to the scarcity of tritium sources. A number of methods have been proposed in order to meet this requirement, however a lithium-based tritium breeding blanket that surrounds the fusion plasma is widely considered to be the mo…
PublishedM.R. Gilbert S.L. Dudarev D.Nguyen-Manh L.W. Packer J-Ch. Sublet
In a fusion reactor materials will be subjected to significant fluxes of high-energy neutrons. As well as causing radiation damage, the neutrons also initiate nuclear reactions leading to changes in the chemical composition of materials (transmutation). Many of these reactions produce gases, particularly helium, which cause additional swelling and …
PublishedL. W. Packer S. Hughes M. Gilbert S. Lilley R. Pampin
This work presents new integral data measured at the ASP 14 MeV neutron irradiation facility at Aldermaston in the UK, which has recently become available for fusion-related work through the CCFE materials programme. Measurements of reaction products from activation experiments using elemental foils were carried out using gamma spectrometry in a hi…
PublishedM.R. Gilbert S.L. Dudarev S. Zheng L.W. Packer J.-Ch. Sublet
The high-energy, high-intensity neutron fluxes produced by the fusion plasma will have a significant life-limiting impact on reactor components in both experimental and commercial fusion devices. As well as producing defects, the neutrons bombarding the materials initiate nuclear reactions, leading to transmutation of the elemental atoms. Products …
Published