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UKAEA-CCFE-CP(23)672023
The fusion reaction between deuterium and tritium, D(T,n)4He is the main source of energy in future thermonuclear reactors. Charged fusion products of this reaction, α-particles (4He-ions), are born with an average energy of 3.5 MeV. Transferring energy to the thermal plasma during their slowing down, the…
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UKAEA-CCFE-PR(23)1822023
The reference ion cyclotron resonance frequency (ICRF) heating schemes for ITER deuterium-tritium (D-T) plasmas at the full magnetic field of 5.3 T are second harmonic heating of tritium and 3He minority heating. The wave-particle resonance location for these schemes coincide and are central at a wave frequency of 53 MHz at 5.3T [1]. Experiments ha…
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UKAEA-CCFE-PR(23)1802023
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UKAEA-CCFE-PR(23)1782023
This Letter reports on observed interplay between beam-driven modes of sweeping frequency (chirping modes) and transitions to the enhanced global confinement regime (H-mode) and back to the low confinement regime (L-mode) in the spherical tokamak ST40. The H-modes of plasma confinement are identified from decreased intensity of Dα signal and f…
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UKAEA-STEP-PR(23)152023
Tritium self-sufficiency is one of the fundamental challenges for deuterium-tritium nuclear fusion reactors. The combination of key high temperature radiation shielding materials that possess dense, high neutron absorption cross-section, and moderation properties, and tritium breeding materials could involve interesting design spaces for the centra…
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UKAEA-CCFE-CP(23)642023
The fusion reaction between deuterium and tritium, D(T,n)4He is the main source of energy in future thermonuclear reactors. Charged fusion products of this reaction, α-particles (4He-ions), are born with an average energy of 3.5 MeV. Transferring energy to the thermal plasma during their slowing down, the…
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UKAEA-CCFE-PR(23)992023
The DT fuel cycle is rather different to other nuclear fusion topics: it involves handling of a very precious and radiotoxic gas, i.e. tritium, together with deuterium, processing of gaseous, liquid and solid hydrogen isotopologues, treatment of deuterated and tritiated species, and removal and recovery of deuterium / tritium from water and othe…
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UKAEA-CCFE-PR(23)842023
We present a numerical model to predict oxide scale growth on tungsten surfaces under exposure to oxygen at high temperatures. The model captures the formation of four thermodynamically-compatible oxide sublayers, WO2, WO2.72, WO2.9, and WO3, on top of the metal substrate. Oxide layer growth is simulated by tracking the oxide/oxide and oxide/metal …
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UKAEA-CCFE-CP(24)052022
A new Doppler backscattering (DBS) system has been installed and tested on the MAST-U spherical tokamak. It utilizes eight simultaneous fixed frequency probe beams (32.5, 35, 37.5, 40, 42.5, 45, 47.5, and 50 GHz). These frequencies provide a range of radial positions from the edge plasma to the core depending on plasma conditions. The system utiliz…
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UKAEA-CCFE-CP(23)492022
JET’s frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) reflectometers have been operating well with the current design since 2005 and density profiles are being automatically calculated intershot since then[1]. However, the calculated profiles had long suffered from several shortcomings – poor agreement to other diagnostics; sometimes inappropriat…
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